_1705820845 20240121070725000 Rovedar Daryoushbabazadeh@gmail.com Rovedar Research in Biotechnology and Environmental Science Res. Biotechnol. Environ. Sci. 2980-7743 12 25 2023 2 4 Peyman Ghafouri https://orcid.org/0009-0000-2609-279X Bahare Kasaei https://orcid.org/0009-0003-2531-0902 Sara Aghili https://orcid.org/0009-0001-2819-739X Atefehsadat Monirvaghefi https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1681-6368 Ahmad Mir Hosseini https://orcid.org/0009-0006-8425-4463 Hora Amoozegar https://orcid.org/0009-0009-8509-3747 Golnaz Mirfendereski https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3758-5845 Hamidreza Razzaghi https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5828-3216 Bacterial infections remain a critical public health concern worldwide, necessitating the development of efficient and sensitive diagnostic tools. Nanobiosensors, comprising nanomaterials, offer a novel approach to bacterial pathogen detection. The present review aimed to explore the current research and applications of nanobiosensors for bacterial pathogen detection. Recent discoveries in nanotechnology have facilitated the development of nanobiosensors with remarkable sensitivity and specificity. These nanoscale sensors are designed to detect specific bacterial pathogens through various mechanisms, including aptamers, antibodies, and molecular recognition elements. Furthermore, miniaturization and integration with microfluidic systems have enabled the rapid and point-of-care detection of bacterial infections. Incorporating nanomaterials such as carbon nanotubes, quantum dots, and graphene into biosensing platforms has significantly enhanced their performance, leading to ultrasensitive detection of bacterial antigens and nucleic acids. Additionally, using nanobiosensors with advanced analytical techniques, such as electrochemical, optical, and piezoelectric methods, has expanded the possibilities for accurate and real-time monitoring of bacterial pathogens. Nanobiosensors represent a promising frontier in the battle against bacterial infections. 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